Free to use No registration 100% private Instant results Metric & Imperial

EV Range Calculator

The range number on the sticker is a best case — real EV range depends on battery size, driving speed, weather, and how much charge you actually carry. This calculator estimates usable range, range at your current charge level, cost per 100 miles, and how long Level 1 vs Level 2 charging takes, so a road trip or daily commute stops being a guessing game.

Battery & Efficiency

How EV Range Works

Range is a simple product with one big caveat:

Range = usable battery (kWh) × efficiency (mi/kWh)

Automakers reserve 5-10% of the pack at the top and bottom to protect battery life, so a 75 kWh pack really holds about 67.5 kWh of usable energy. Multiply that by 4.0 mi/kWh and you get ~270 miles. The two inputs that move the number most are speed (air drag rises with the square of velocity) andtemperature (cold thickens the electrolyte and powers cabin heating). That is why the same car can show 320 EPA miles but only 230 on a January highway trip.

Cost and Charge Time at a Glance

Assumes $0.16/kWh residential rate, 75 kWh battery, 4.0 mi/kWh, and charging from the current level.

EVBattery (kWh)EPA RangeCost / 100 miBest

Cost per 100 miles = 100 \u00f7 mi/kWh \u00d7 $0.16. EPA range figures are manufacturer estimates; real range varies with conditions. Charge times use a 90% usable capacity and 80% starting charge.

How to Use This Calculator (3 Steps)

1
Set your battery and real efficiency
Pick a preset or enter your battery size. For efficiency, use the value your trip computer reports over the last few hundred miles, not the EPA sticker — that number already includes your real mix of city, highway, and weather.
2
Set your current charge level
The range at 80% answers the daily question "how far can I go before I need to charge." Plan trips with 10-15% buffer to protect the battery and avoid stress.
3
Check cost and charge time
The cost rows tell you what each 100 miles costs at your electricity rate, and the charge times show whether a 120V outlet (slow, overnight) or a 240V Level 2 charger (fast, 6-10 hours) fits your routine.

Case Study

🔋
Case Study #1

Highway Road Trip: EPA vs Real World

A Model 3 Long Range owner plans a 600-mile highway trip at 72 mph in early winter (35°F). EPA range is ~358 miles, but the trip computer showed 4.0 mi/kWh at 70 mph on summer tires.

EPA Range
358 mi
Realistic Range
243 mi
Charging Stop At
~200 mi
Range Lost to Cold+Speed
-32%

Frequently Asked Questions

How is EV range calculated?

Usable battery (kWh) × efficiency (mi/kWh). 67.5 kWh × 4.0 = 270 miles.

Why is my real range lower than EPA?

Highway speed and cold weather cost 15-30% vs the EPA cycle, which averages a moderate 55-60 mph mix.

How much does cold weather reduce range?

12-40% at 20°F depending on cabin heating and battery management. Pre-conditioning while plugged in helps.

How long does it take to charge?

Level 1 adds ~4-5 mi/hr, Level 2 adds 25-35 mi/hr, DC fast chargers reach 80% in 20-45 minutes.

How much does 100 miles of EV driving cost?

About $4.00 at 4.0 mi/kWh and $0.16/kWh — roughly one-third the cost of gas for the same distance.

B
BuildFormulas Automotive Team
EV & Transportation Analytics

The BuildFormulas Automotive Team builds range, charging, and cost-of-ownership tools grounded in real-world EV efficiency data and utility pricing.

Reviewed by BuildFormulas Editorial Review Board, Editorial Review
Last updated: August 2026